Education industry and emigration of students abroad - An analysis by SRBC

SRBC

• 09-04-2022

The Education as a sector is the collective of organizations and institutions providing various levels of services to enhance the quality, knowledge, and skill in society. Education prepares today's young people by providing skills to flourish in the future world. Collected data has shown that more than half of the first rankers between 1996-2015 have migrated for education abroad or employed abroad, mainly in the US. This trend has been accelerating since 2015. The ‘study abroad’ educational service market is large and rapidly growing.

                               As per the last census conducted, in India there are over 1206 million people between the age of fifteen and twenty-four. As sweeping as the number seems, this is four times the population of the US. With such massive youth for a developing nation. It comes with no surprise when economists predicted a boom in the nation's economy, with the youth of India becoming the country's powerhouse. Nevertheless, the reality seems to be far off from what the experts have opined—being one of the countries that utilize globalisation and higher education to boost the quality of life. A robust supply of Talented and well-equipped professionals alone will not determine the nation's growth. Only with intense planning and infrastructure to support most of the youth will the pace of innovation continue. Some of the most significant challenges faced by the education system in India involve the rapidly increasing population size, the lack of basic needs, shortage in the number of teachers, books, and the inadequate public funds to cover the education costs. The higher education segment of India is expected to rise to 2,44,824 crores by 2025. Broadening internet penetration is envisioned to help the education industry.

With the Indian education system underdeveloped in rural and urban areas due to substandard quality in many regions, there is still much potential for further advancement in the education system of India. The deteriorating quality of education in schools has been one of the significant problems faced. One of the reasons being the syllabus taught by the education system in India is old.

 The covid-19 pandemic has agitated the global education system. As a result of the covid-19, the number of available jobs has been decreasing daily, with many losing their jobs. Schools are not educating the students about the challenges that lie ahead of post-graduation and the employment hurdles they would have to face.

Students have been migrating to different countries primarily due to the problems mentioned above that they face in India. Studying in foreign countries expects a life-changing experience for students, and there are several benefits for students when studying abroad. 

But all these opportunities for an individual can affect India negatively in the long term if it continues. Prolonged migration of skilled people searching for an improved and better quality of life and standard of living, access to modern technologies, higher salaries, and more stable political conditions. This migration trend can lead India to have limited capacity to innovate, reduced economic growth, and increasing cost. This trend is called brain drain, which is a severe problem that can affect India. The departure of skilled people weakens developing countries by lacking essential skills and a workforce. India is one of the countries that is suffering from extreme brain drain. Migration of intelligent people traveling from India to America, Australia, and Europe for their future. Skills like doctors, engineers, and especially information technology specialists get better opportunities as compared to India. To solve these issues, various steps must be taken across all forms of government organizations and non-government organizations within India to control the possibility of brain drain.

Highly skilled youth can contribute their skill to the country's development through employment opportunities in women empowerment, education, agriculture, and art. Youth need to have abilities like the courage to question, assess the issues to reach an optimal solution. Women empowerment is becoming one of the main focuses of the nation. Investing in women's education leads to the economic growth of the country. They earn a decent income through their contribution. Better authority makes the youngsters believe in their government and assure them a promising future.

Many students have been going abroad for better education quality. Developing a better infrastructure for educational institutions will prevent the migration of scholars from India. India has a sizeable school-going population, and to accommodate the large student population, the country requires a solid educational infrastructure for providing a high-quality worker who contributes to the developing economy. The educational system plays an integral role in preventing the migration of students, fulfilling students' expectations.

The recruiting employers should resolve any form of underemployment in their organization to ensure optimum productivity for the organization. The job given to the employee must be in line with their career aspirations and vision since the employee's daily duties play an essential role in the performance and efficiency of work and their career. The recruiters should identify the hiring needs, devise a recruitment plan, write a job description, and define the skills correctly. The recruiter should take such steps to make the recruiting process more accessible and practical.

Salary is one of the primary factors for job satisfaction. The payment method must be structurally sound to ensure employee satisfaction. There are mandatory salary increases for employees in several foreign countries. The acceptable payment policy is the most important economic factor that leads to brain drain as the employees find the payment attractive compared to other countries. The rising inflation is caused by the sharp rise in commodity prices across the world, which negatively impacts the lives of middle-class people.

Indian companies should employ freshers with suitable remuneration packages, decent working experience, and allowances. This May Encourage the youngsters to work in India. Freshers seek exposure to learning opportunities, making it easier for employers to train them according to the company's requirements. Freshers are willing to adapt and learn since they are working in an organization for the first time.

Most organizations in India do not follow solid principles and work environments. May include politics in the organization, communication gap between management and employees, absence of leadership, and governance-related processes leading to a bad employee experience. An employee's workplace environment is a crucial factor that determines the quality of work and productivity. Providing a better employee atmosphere helps attract employees in India.

The youth migrate to other countries for their studies and later settle for a better standard of living and quality of life, high income, and access to advanced technology across Europe and American countries, providing better opportunities than India. Highly educated persons leave India and become an asset to another country. The host countries do not utilize their skillset but are often used in the destination country, leading to a higher per capita income of migrants and productivity growth. They contribute to the public budget through taxes and contribute social diversity to the communities in which they live. To contrast in numbers, India sends over 3,00,000 students annually, making second to China with 8,00,000 students annually.

A government survey state that 38% of doctors and 12% of scientists in the US are from India. Many employees in companies like Microsoft, IBM, Intel, and Google are Indians. These employees are highly trained and qualified people from India.

In a way, there is a chance for a shortage of skilled and competent people in India. A tremendous increase in the high-skilled sectors in India is due to unemployment and uncompetitive remuneration. This increase has also created numerous problems in the public sector due to the lack of highly trained people, especially in the health professional sector.

The current rate of migration growth will likely lead to a complete shortage of skilled workforce by 2030. In European Countries like Germany, a lack of skill is about 4% and is expected to rise to 23% by 2030. China, the country with the largest population, still has a workforce deficit of 3%. If the situation continues, India can barely make it in terms of workforce.

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Written By : -  Kevin Chalissery

Contributors:-  Fathima Fida, Yaser Ali

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